Jan- to Mar-2024

Industrialisation and Accompanied Urban Fabric: Case Studies of Asian Cities

By: Sanan Verma , P.S.N. Rao

Page No : 1-15

Abstract
Industrialisation has been identified as the mechanism by which the necessary increase in capital accumulation and investment rates takes place, enabling the shift to self-sustaining development. This broadly accepted theory of the function of industrialisation focuses on the national framework and the expanding economic sectors. On the other hand, it is also measured in ways other than through national economic indicators. It is both a cause and a result of urbanisation. This paper begins by examining the inception of industrialisation and its subsequent expansion throughout the continent, ultimately proliferating globally. This study strives to provide appropriate information about how the development of industrial sectors affects the urban fabric and, as a result, influences the planning road maps of the authorities, driven by certain significant case studies from various countries.

Authors :
Sanan Verma : Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Housing, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India.
P.S.N. Rao : Dean (Planning and Development), School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2024.56.01.1

Price: 251

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Fiscal Consolidation of Local Urban Bodies in India: Review and Reforms for Institutional Resilience

By: Vaishnavi Singh

Page No : 16-25

Abstract
As an essential pillar of the urban institutional infrastructure, municipal corporations are indispensable in providing local public service delivery and organisation. Their efficient functioning is imperative in an era of rapid urbanisation and large scale rural to urban migration which pressurises the institutional capabilities of metropolitan cities. This paper is an attempt at investigating the fiscal challenges that plague the functioning of municipal corporations in India and estimates their performance through reports of the 15th Finance Commission and national level indexes such as the Municipal Performance Index 2020. Existing challenges in the domain of municipal finance, operational efficiency and service delivery are identified along with the fiscal reforms undertaken by municipal corporations in India to overcome them. The study emphasises the urgent need for financial self-sufficiency and economic resilience1 of municipal corporations to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and overcome modern challenges.

Author :
Vaishnavi Singh : MSc Economics (Double Degree) student at the University of Nottingham, UK and the University of Tübingen, Germany.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2024.56.01.2

Price: 251

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PM SVANidhi — A Livelihood Scheme for Street Vendors in India: An Evaluation

By: Animesh Pareek , V N Alok

Page No : 26-43

Abstract
In India, there are about ten million street vendors accounting for 14 per cent of the total urban informal employment. For them, a central sector scheme titled “PM Street Vendors’ AatmNirbhar Nidhi” (PM SVANidhi) was launched in June 2020 by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA). This became necessary particularly during the medical emergency due to Covid-19. Initially, Rs. fifty billion was earmarked as a stimulus package for nearly five million vendors which means Rs. ten thousand were given as collateral-free loan at concessional rate for a period of one year. Due to high demand of these, special micro-credit facility to street vendors has been extended in the second and third year till December 2024. A third loan of up to Rs. Fifty thousand was also introduced in addition to the first two loans of rupees ten and twenty thousand. The paper examines the scheme, state-wise, based on the data available on PM SVANidhi dashboard. There are some gaps in implementation of the scheme like creation of non-performing assets (NPAs) as the loans are collateral free and need to be rectified.

Authors :
Animesh Pareek : Consultant, Indian Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi.
V N Alok : Professor, Indian Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2024.56.01.3

Price: 251

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Models of Privatisation in Formal Housing in India: An Appraisal

By: Gursharan Kaur

Page No : 44-56

Abstract
Housing is one of the basic needs of mankind and is recognised as a fundamental right under Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 11(1) of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). In India, till the 1990s, the state governments used to provide housing to the population through the establishment of State Housing Boards, Municipal Corporations, and Improvement Trusts at the city level. During 1991, India pursued economic reforms and liberalised various economic sectors, housing was one of them. The National Housing Policy 1992, emphasised the creation of a facilitating environment by the government to increase the growth of housing rather than the building itself. In the light of the National Housing Policy, different state governments framed their policies for involving the private sector in housing. The present paper highlights the models followed by state governments of Haryana, West Bengal, Maharashtra, and Gujarat for involving the private sector in formal housing. The paper further includes a discussion on the procedure laid by state governments for registration as a promoter, the procedure for approval of private housing projects, profit margins, plot sizes, reserved areas for EWS, etc. The comparison of the procedure will help to highlight the positive features of the process that can be adopted by other state governments to make their privatisation model more inclusive, efficient, and transparent.

Author :
Gursharan Kaur : Assistant Professor, Guru Ramdas School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2024.56.01.4

Price: 251

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Developing a Framework for Understanding Vulnerability of Public Spaces to Urban Processes: Case of Historic Cities in Rajasthan

By: Urvashi Srivastava , Amit Hajela , Anil Dewan

Page No : 57-85

Abstract
Public Spaces in historic cities with their distinct spatial quality and humane character provide a ‘sense of place, belongingness and bonding.’ However, urban processes have transformed inner core areas in historic cities and impacted public spaces. Increased demand for housing, commerce and infrastructure have triggered urban processes that have exposed public spaces to transformation phenomena, acting as threats to their integrity. Unique experience and quality of life that these public spaces support is rapidly getting lost leading to a stressful living environment. This research has developed a novel approach for studying public spaces using the lens of vulnerability. Literature review and in-situ field study in four historic cities in Rajasthan helped identify variables of insensitive changes in public spaces. Statistical tools combined with local community assessment helped establish public space vulnerability indicators and a framework for assessment of public space vulnerability to urban processes.

Authors :
Urvashi Srivastava : Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India.
Dr. Amit Hajela : Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India.
Dr. Anil Dewan : Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2024.56.01.5

Price: 251

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Assessing Knowledge and Practices of E-Waste Management Among Consumers in Mangaluru City

By: Venkatesha Nayak , Kavya P Hegde

Page No : 86-101

Abstract
Electronic waste (E-waste) is a rapidly growing waste stream globally, with adverse environmental and health effects, if not managed properly. Mangaluru, a growing city in India, has seen a significant increase in the generation of E-waste in recent years due to increased consumerism and the penetration of electronic devices in households. However, the proper management of E-waste in Mangaluru has been a concern, and there is a lack of awareness among consumers about its proper disposal. This paper aims to assess the knowledge and practices of E-waste management among consumers in Mangaluru City. The results showed that the majority of the respondents were aware of the adverse environmental and health effects of E-waste, but their knowledge about the proper disposal of E-waste was limited. Most of the respondents disposed the E-waste with regular household waste or in landfills, indicating a lack of awareness. The findings of this study emphasise the need for consumer awareness and their education about E-waste management in Mangaluru.

Authors :
Venkatesha Nayak : Assistant Professor, Department of PG Studies in Commerce, University Evening College, Mangalore, Karnataka.
Kavya P Hegde : Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce and International Business, Central University of Kerala, Kerala.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2024.56.01.6

Price: 251

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Application of Biomimicry in Transport Planning: Challenges, Potentials and Possibilities

By: Simranjot Singh , Sanjay Mishra , Sakshi Sahni

Page No : 102-120

Abstract
The present-day transport systems and networks struggle with a vast number of problems, from inefficient designs, vehicular collisions to environment degradation. Modern transport systems and networks seek innovative and multidimensional planning approaches. The transport problems can only be efficiently mitigated by exploring different disciplines. Nature has a vast source of knowledge and humans have long been learning from it. Biomimicry is the science of exploring the form, process and ecosystem in nature to solve human problems. Biomimicry holds great potentials to efficiently mitigate the transport problems by integrating nature-inspired strategies and solutions to long-term and short term planning practices. The present paper is concerned with exploring applications of biomimicry at different levels in transport solutions in different cases to explore challenges, potentials and possibilities so as to make the transport systems and networks more efficient, safe and to make cities more connected to nature.

Authors :
Simranjot Singh : Research Scholar, Guru Ram Das School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University.
Sanjay Mishra : Research Scholar, Guru Ram Das school of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University.
Sakshi Sahni : Assistant Professor, Guru Ram Das School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2024.56.01.7

Price: 251

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Stakeholders’ Participation in Freight Logistics: An Overview

By: Priyanka Kumar , Sanjay Gupta

Page No : 121-136

Abstract
Goods movement is increasingly becoming recognised as an integral component of urban transport planning. The ability to transport goods quickly, safely, economically and reliably is seen as vital to a nation’s prosperity and capacity to compete in a globalising economy. The movement of goods within urban areas is vital since cities are at the centre of economic and social life. As cities are now facing global competition for investment and trade, an efficient transport system is necessary for their sustained economic prosperity. Freight movement in the cities often puts considerable strain on urban transport infrastructure and imposes high social costs. The objectives of logistics planning in particular are to enable goods movement at desired levels of efficiency. Stakeholders’ participation is extremely important to arrive at a sustainable freight strategy which benefits the community at large. This paper attempts to describe an urban logistics ecosystem and its function and various concepts, methods and approaches of stakeholders’ engagement in urban freight including global best practices.

Authors :
Priyanka Kumar : Ph.D Scholar, Department of Transport Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, Delhi, India.
Sanjay Gupta : Dean Research, School of Planning and Architecture, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2024.56.01.8

Price: 251

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Jan- to Mar-2023

Urbanisation and Urban Planning in India: Problems and Prospects

By: Sreelekha R.G

Page No : 1-20

Abstract
Urban people make up 31 per cent (Census 2011) of India's population overall, while metropolitan regions are home to 55 per cent of the world's population, which is projected to grow to five billion by 2028 and six billion  by 2041. The overcrowded cities create stress on urban governance in India. However, it is widely acknowledged that local governments are very  effective at managing pandemic situations because they are made up of residents of the same area and know one another better. This proximity also makes the local representatives more accountable and sensitive to local needs, which can help better mobilise the community for swift and coordinated action during disasters. As a result, urban planning in India received a boost during the Covid pandemic, which also enhanced the challenges and obligations of urban administration. The article makes an effort to revisit the issues and prospects of urbanisation and urban planning in India. 

Author :
Sreelekha R.G. : Associate Professor (Collegiate Education Department, Government of Kerala)  presently working in the Department of Political Science at University College, TVM.
 

Price: 500

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Issues Regarding Infrastructure Provisions in Formal Private Sector Housing (FPSH) in Amritsar, Punjab, India

By: Gursharan Kaur , Ashwani Luthra

Page No : 21-40

Abstract
During 1991, India pursued economic reforms and liberalised various economic sectors, housing was also one of them. The continued increment of urban population and limited public sector resources to fulfill the ever rising needs of the urbanites has been the mother land of private sector participation in the housing and infrastructure sector in the global and Indian  market. The role of government started shifting from producer to enabler, facilitating and encouraging private sector participation in housing by enacting legislations and framing rules and regulations for the same. The primary objective behind an enabling strategy was to improve the performance of the housing sector as a whole. By the year 2020, 91 private sector approved housing colonies came up over 776.20 hectare area in the Amritsar city. More than two decades old Formal Private Sector Housing (FPSH) needs appreciation and appraisal for the kind of infrastructure that has been provided in the colonies of Amritsar city. The present paper helps to demarcate the success of FPSH in provision of infrastructure as per the 
Act and guidelines of the state government as well as the evaluation of infrastructure existing in the formal private sector colonies both in quantitative and qualitative terms specific to Amritsar city. 

Authors :
Gursharan Kaur : Assistant Professor, Guru Ramdas School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Ashwani Luthra : Professor, Guru Ramdas School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
 

Price: 500

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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mobility Patterns of Working Women using Delhi Metro

By: Monika Singh , Sanjay Gupta

Page No : 41-58

Abstract
This research paper investigates the travel behaviour of working women using public transport, specifically the Delhi Metro, in the pre and duringCovid scenario. The study aims to provide insights into the challenges faced by women in accessing public transport and how the COVID-19 pandemic had affected their travel behaviour. The study was carried out by utilising a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods also known as a mixed-method approach. A survey was conducted to collect data on the travel behaviour of working women in Delhi, which included questions on their mode of transport, travel time, safety concerns, and preferences. According to the research, a notable percentage of employed women in Delhi depended on the Delhi Metro as their main means of transport both prior to and amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers used factor analysis to evaluate the key factors affecting the selection of public transportation modes during these two periods. A significant change was observed in the form of a transition from public transportation to private transportation and non-motorised methods. Overall, the present paper provides insights into the travel behaviour of working women using public transport in Delhi and highlights the need for policy measures to improve access and safety for  women on public transport.

Authors :
Monika Singh : PhD Scholar, Transport Planning Department, School of Planning & Architecture,New Delhi. 
Sanjay Gupta : Dean (Research) & Dean (Faculty Welfare), Professor of Transport Planning Coordinator, Centre for Urban Freight Studies Coordinator, Centre for Shared and  Electric Mobility, School of Planning and Architecture. 
 

Price: 500

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Unleashing Entrepreneurial Capabilities of Urban Poor: The Avenues in Day-NULM

By: Nagasuhasini R , Umajyothi V

Page No : 59-76

Abstract
Urban poverty is one of the worst maladies. This study suggests the need to think beyond the traditional way of approaching poverty such as providing monetary assistance or in-kind transfers.Though employment opportunities have been included in the policy frameworks, implementing them without considering the right point of entry is indeed a huge mistake. The Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) is one such perspective that can be employed while framing policies to eliminate urban poverty. The approach helps in identifying the capabilities and vulnerabilities of the poor and thereby helps the countries to make the right point of entry. In India, the National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM) is one of the major efforts on the part of the government to eradicate urban poverty. The mission extends entrepreneurial opportunities to the urban poor. However, providing opportunities without building the right environment (capability enhancement and vulnerability reduction) will accelerate the implementation lapses. Hence, it becomes imperative to know whether the mission is capable of unleashing the  entrepreneurial capabilities of the poor through the lens of the SL approach.

Authors :
Nagasuhasini R : Research scholar, Department of Economics, Government College for Women,Thycaud, Thiruvananthapuram. 
Umajyothi V : Associate Professor & Head, Department of Economics, Government College for Women, Thycaud, Thiruvananthapuram.
 

Price: 500

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Bazar in Medieval India-Case of Amritsar 

By: Sanjay Mishra , Sakshi Sahni

Page No : 77-100

Abstract
Bazar plays an important role in the development of any town or city. Amritsar, medieval city of Punjab acted as a focal point as well as exchange of trade in various time periods. The research paper is an attempt to study the history of Amritsar, its evolution and phases of growth as well as depicting various bazars in the city of Amritsar. The main emphasis of the study is on Guru Bazar of Amritsar. The data has been collected through both primary as well as secondary sources using interview methods of the stakeholders majorly shopkeepers and the public opinion survey in case of primary sources. The secondary sources comprised mainly of reports, articles, government documents etc.

Authors :
Sanjay Mishra : Research Scholar, Guru Ramdas School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
Sakshi Sahni : Assistant Professor, Guru Ramdas school of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
 

Price: 500

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Benefits of Campus Open Spaces in Higher Educational Institutes

By: Nupur Chichkhede , Abhijit Natu

Page No : 101-118

Abstract
Campus open spaces play a vital role in providing good environment quality to the educational campuses. The natural green spaces and a relaxed atmosphere in open spaces encourage outdoor study discussions, meetings, and innovative learning. Well-designed campus landscapes can be effective to address challenges in the context of climate change. An online questionnaire was prepared and sent to the teaching and non-teaching staff of four colleges of an educational campus. Five types of services were identified from literature viz. Provisioning Services, Regulating Services, Socio-cultural Services, Information Services and Economic Services. Questionnaire contained closed ended questions on a “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree” Scale of 1 to 5 Likert type scale was used, asking the respondents on whether the landscape of the campus helped in rendering the landscape service. The Factor Analysis was performed to identify the important services offered by landscape. The research findings suggested that the learning benefits were maximally received from the open spaces, followed by social benefits. These were found to be associated with the landscape characteristics of the open spaces. The hypothesis that the landscape services depend upon the landscape characteristics of the open spaces is tested in this single case study, however a large number of campuses need to be studied for generalisation.

Authors :
Nupur Chichkhede : Ph. D. Scholar, Savitribai Phule Pune, University, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Abhijit Natu : Associate Professor, BKPS College of Architecture, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
 

Price: 500

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A Comparative Study on the Impact of Governance Practices Between Public and Private Urban Universities in the Telangana State

By: Srinivas Bangaru

Page No : 119-135

Abstract
There has been an argument that self-financed Private Universities are familiar for their best performance from the perspective of policymakers. Several countries worldwide, including India, are dropping their share in funding Public Universities with a direction to generate their internal revenues for self-sustenance. Nearly after two decades, the prospects of Indian Public Higher Education remain the same resulting in the rise of private higher education. The present comparative study helps to identify the best governance practices in comparison with each other in terms of “accessibility, equity, affordability, quality and accountability” considered to be the five pillars of higher education by the Government of India. Based on the study results, important policy suggestions have been provided for improved quality higher education explicitly in Public Universities in India.

Author :
Srinivas Bangaru : Assistant Registrar, University of Hyderabad, India.
 

Price: 500

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SMILE for Smart Cities: Making Urban Governance Inclusive in India

By: Gurram Ashok , D. Veerababu

Page No : 136-141

Authors :
Gurram Ashok : Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, GSHS, GITAM Deemed University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
D. Veerababu : Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, School of Social Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C.R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
 

Price: 500

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Apr- to Jun-2023

Urban Pollution: Case for Encouraging Environmentally Responsible Behaviour

By: Meenakshi Dhote

Page No : 1-16

Abstract
Urban areas are characterised by rising pollution levels due to concentration of secondary and tertiary activities, many of which are causative factors for air, water, noise pollution and contamination of land. If urbanisation is not managed well the build-up of polluted air, water and land would also be a rising concern. Pollution monitoring and management has been a matter of concern with many legislations, policies formulated to address the issue. Regulatory bodies such as Pollution Control Boards monitor and manage the pollution across the country. With the growing population and increased resource consumption, polluted water and land further deplete the availability of resources due to their impacts on health. An overview of the efforts in controlling pollution brings forth the need for a much more environmentally responsible behavior from the government, civil society and the individual. With concentration of human population, in many areas irrespective of its suitability, there is increased impact on resources, such as land, water, air and biotic resources. Pollution is one of the manifestations of resource degradation due to impact of urbanisation. Traditionally, urban settlements were planned in a way to cause minimal impact on nature. Efforts were made to protect prime agriculture land, forests, steep slopes and flood plains and were not built upon. This took care of land from getting degraded and any waste was within the assimilative capacity of the ambient air or water resource. Government of India has taken many steps to control pollution, both in urban and rural setting. However, the problem of pollution persists; and this is where a responsible environmental behavior seems lacking from the citizens and authorities. In spite of policies, legislation, and regulations, management and monitoring is inadequate. A responsible effort towards protection of resources yields results in controlling pollution.

Author :
Meenakshi Dhote : Professor and Head, Department of Environmental Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
 

Price: 500

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Towards Sustainable Policies: Harnessing the Potential of Strategic Environmental Assessment

By: Kusum Lata , Saurabh Bhatt

Page No : 17-38

Abstract
Environmental policy is essential for addressing pressing environmental challenges and achieving sustainable development. In this context, Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is a systematic process that analyses and addresses the environmental impacts of policies, plans, programmes and other strategic initiatives. It goes beyond project-level Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and considers the cumulative effects of multiple actions and decisions. The paper aims to explain SEA, including its definitions and interpretations. It highlights the importance of integrating environmental considerations with economic and social factors and emphasizes SEA's role in supporting sustainable development. It also highlights the growing recognition of the need to consider environmental factors in decision-making processes. In conclusion, it underscores the significance of SEA as a proactive intervention in strategic decision-making processes.

Authors :
Kusum Lata : Associate Professor (Urban & Regional Planning), Centre for Urban Studies, IIPA, New Delhi.
Saurabh Bhatt : Pursuing PG from School of Planning & Architecture, New Delhi.
 

Price: 500

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Environment Sustainability and Urban Planning High Dividend of Having Urban Child Database

By: Kanchan Dyuti Maiti , Debolina Kundu

Page No : 39-49

Abstract
The global urban population is expanding by 220,000 inhabitants every day or 80 million per year. Approximately a decade ago, the world officially became a majority urban planet. Along with urbanisation a great deal of human progress has come to pass, including great leaps in child survival and development. Data show that on average, compared to their rural peers, urban children have access to better essential services such as health care and education, water and sanitation, energy.1
This is in part due to factors associated with the so-called ‘urban advantage’. On average at a macro level, urban households earn higher incomes, benefit from improved infrastructure, have better education and reside in greater proximity to services. A closer look at the granular evidence, however, suggests that not all urban children are benefiting equally, and that the urban advantage for children is an overgeneralisation. Although on average, an urban advantage can be seen for most indicators, the urban advantage is not identical for most indicators and the urban population does not fare better in all countries.
“UNICEF’s global analysis shows that virtually every child is already exposed to disruptive climate hazards. One billion children – nearly half of the world’s total child population – are at ‘extremely high risk’ due to a deadly combination of high exposure to climate hazards and insufficient essential services to help them cope. “Climate change is also inextricably linked to water and food insecurity – to which children are especially vulnerable. Around the world, 450 million children live in areas of high, or extremely high, water vulnerability, while 27 million children under five years are facing severe food insecurity linked to drought. “At its heart, theclimate crisis is a child rights crisis. And it is robbing children of their health and homes, their cultures and way of life, and their futures.
One of the key recommendations of the evaluation, that has been accepted by UNICEF in its management response, is as follows: "In partnership with sister United Nations agencies, strengthen advocacy for child-responsive urban planning, participatory slum upgrading, safe public spaces for children and child-friendly transportation systems, and issues around urban waste and environmental degradation."2 However, for actuation of this would need measuring the various aspects impacting child development in the urban areas and measures of child's deprivation and vulnerability. This opens a whole new frontier of work for UNICEF and calls for a need to consolidate the work around the issues and other UN agencies, the Govt. and NGOs to be more strategic urban programming for environment, urbanisation and planning.
Though urban residents on average enjoy better access to services and opportunities, a substantial part of the urban population is being left behind. Intra-urban disparities can be so large that many of the most disadvantaged children and their families in urban areas fare worse than those in rural areas. For example, the poorest urban children in 1 in 4 countries are more likely to die before their fifth birthday than the poorest children in rural areas. And the poorest urban children in 1 in 6 countries are less likely to complete primary school than their counterparts in rural areas. This reversal of the ‘urban advantage’ is called the ‘urban paradox’3.

Authors :
Kanchan Dyuti Maiti : Independent Researcher on Data Systems & Management, earlier working in UNICEF, India.
Debolina Kundu : Professor, National Institute of Urban Affairs.
 

Price: 500

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Awareness on Sustainable Municipal Services

By: Akshaya Kumar Sen

Page No : 50-61

Abstract
Creating awareness on sustainable municipal services hold the key for making informed decisions about the allocation of resources, infrastructure development, and the delivery of services to the residents. The urban local bodies are also directly responsible for the achievement of more than twothird of parameters of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. The functions and services provided by municipal governments are, therefore, vital for creating healthy, livable and sustainable communities. This paper highlights various benefits of creating awareness and suggests strategies for creating such awareness for sustainable municipal services. The paper also briefly discusses some of the flagship programmes of the Government of India to promote sustainable municipal services by encouraging municipalities to adopt sustainable practices, through creating awareness among all stakeholders and promote behavior change, apart from providing financial support for sustainable development.

Author :
Akshaya Kumar Sen : General Manager (Eco.), Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd (HUDCO), New Delhi
 

Price: 500

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Potential Financing Mechanism for Greening Indian Urban Local Bodies

By: Shantanu Srivastava , Saurabh Trivedi

Page No : 62-68

Abstract
This article discusses the challenges Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) in India face in financing climate mitigation and adaptation projects, despite their critical role in addressing climate change. To address these challenges, the article presents potential financing mechanisms for Indian ULBs to finance their low-carbon infrastructure needs. These mechanisms include municipal green bonds, aggregation models, risk mitigation facilities and carbon credit trading. The article provides examples of such mechanisms used by ULBs in India or abroad and addresses existing policy gaps and capacity issues to ensure the effective use of these mechanisms by Indian ULBs.

Authors :
Shantanu Srivastava : Affiliated with the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA). Working as the Sustainable Finance and Climate Risk lead for IEEFA South Asia. Also, co-authored this paper along with Saurabh Trivedi who works as an Energy Finance Analyst with IEEFA Asia Pacific.
Saurabh Trivedi : Energy Finance Analyst, IEEFA.
 

Price: 500

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Shades of Culture in Post-Industrial Landscapes

By: Manu Mahajan

Page No : 69-78

Abstract
From the 1970s onward, cities in Western Europe and North America started seeing significant structural changes in the economy related to the shift of manufacturing (a post-industrial phase of city reorganization) to parts of South East Asia, South Asia, and other parts of the globe. As per the literature, post-industrial is essentially Western European and North American context specific. Neo-liberal urban agenda is one such prism through which one can understand the steps taken by the cities to address the post-industrial conditions leading to the redevelopment and marketisation of urban landscapes with numerous shades of cultural economy. This paper briefly touches on the literature of post-industrialisation and instruments of the neo-liberal agenda in the beginning before looking at the cases from North America, Western Europe, and South-east Asia from the perspective of urban transformation in post-industrial urban landscapes. The core of these cases is to look at diverse shades of the cultural economy and how cities absorbed these shades in the built environment. The second half of the paper presents cases from Indian cities to examine the transformation from the dimensions of cultural economy. In conclusion, the author argues about the additional roles of designers and planners in re-creating the post-industrial landscapes not only from the perspective of aesthetics and real estate but also addressing issues of public wealth, equity, and enhancement of the public realm.

Author :
Manu Mahajan : Head of the Department of Urban Design, School of Planning and Architecture (SPA), New Delhi.
 

Price: 500

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Championing Local Priorities in Urban Areas

By: K. K. Pandey

Page No : 79-88

Abstract
Championing local priorities has been a part of urban policy agenda in India since enactment of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act (CAA) of 1993 covering continuity in the elected body, reservation to women and weaker sections and creation of ward committees. Yet, the process of decentralisation got stuck at town hall level and could not move below up to grass root level. Local councils in Aizawl (Mizoram) present a model to take the process of decentralisation to a common man in the remote part of city structure. These are first ever elected bodies in India representing 1500 people at grass root level.
Further, the local councils are an intermediary link institution in a multipronged context covering (i) ward committee, (ii) city government (iii) state departments, and local authorities. This makes the governance inclusive and participatory with special thrust on Jan Bhagidari (People’s Partnership). Local councils also have unique feature of Hnatlang meaning a customary service covering labour, financial contribution and management responsibility. In addition, optimum synergy and convergence are achieved on public sector schemes and programs.
The model presents citizen participation to access basic services covering common space, management of parks, gardens, play grounds, water bodies) ,(iii) waste management (iv) essential consumer durables (Cooking Gas, Ration), addressing forest fire, retaining walls, local markets, public conveniences etc. , collection of municipal revenue (waste collection charges, property taxes) and (vii) local inputs for city level planning. Finally, Legal and institutional framework of local councils needs wider assessment and adaptation in the overall city size framework in in India and elsewhere.

Author :
K. K. Pandey : Professor Coordinator, Centre for Urban Studies, IIPA.
 

Price: 500

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Reinventing Governance and Planning Frameworks: Hyderabad Metrorail Case Study Learnings of LVC and VGF

By: Anjula Negi , Bodhishotto Bhattacharjee

Page No : 89-114

Abstract
Hyderabad metrorail project is globally one of the largest Public-PrivatePartnership in urban/metrorail segment. First project worldwide to successfully receive viability gap funding and incorporate few aspects of land value capture. Multifold learnings from it can be adapted for urban governance, development and planning for newer metrorails. Authors put forth project’s nuances in this paper alongside key tenets of developmental journey, which is replete with its share of success and failures. Commercial operations commenced in November 2017 despite several hurdles. Vital learnings are that metrorails remain highly capital intensive, complex and time-consuming works, and failures/misses can add to time and cost. To overcome odds, thorough and robust groundwork is required at the onset. Numerous implementation challenges coupled with litigation and turmoil amidst creation of a new state were noted for Hyderabad metro. Change of alignment request by new political formation consequent to state’s bifurcation and delays in land acquisition crucial to construction work were issues dealt by concessionaire. Creating a financially viable structure to sustain an optimum equity return throughout concession period is one of the biggest challenge to project structuring. Fare box revenues alone were largely deemed insufficient for recovery of capital even in the long-term. Financial sustenance during operations is also under question. Success ensuing its creation is spearheaded by a superior project structure, effective project management, tenacious implementation framework and dedicated anchor assuming leadership for multi-stakeholder coordination and approvals, noted from experts. Success equally equally befalls in publics’ usage of services too, given that travel demand is being met with last-mile convenience and comfort.

Authors :
Anjula Negi : Senior infrastructure advisor and research scholar at SPA New Delhi.
Bodhishotto Bhattacharjee : Independent consultant.
 

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Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in Housing Sector — A Study of Impact of Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016

By: Sapna Chadah , Amit Kumar Singh

Page No : 115-132

Abstract
Shelter is one of the three basic requirements of humans, along with food and clothes. Food is necessary for human survival, but housing also offers security and influences one's quality of life. Buying a house is the dream of every person. Significantly, housing is the most expensive basic need for human beings. People spend all of their life savings on a home. To further add to the misery, builders/promoters are cheating home buyers in various ways like builder-buyer agreements favouring the builder, and materials used for construction found to be of poor quality. Builders deviate from the promises made in the agreement, possession is not given even after full payment is made by the buyers. Every day it comes to the news that thousands of home buyers are stranded due to the corrupt practices of builders/developers. In view of the above, the Central government enacted the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA) to protect the interest of home buyers and bring uniformity and standardisation of business practices and transactions in the real estate sector. It aims to bring greater accountability towards consumers and tries to reduce fraud and delays in housing projects. However, even after six years of passage of RERA, effective implantation across all states still remains a concern. Therefore, it is vital to analyse the existing dispute resolution mechanism under the RERA. The research paper tries to analyse the impact of the new regulator for the housing sector, the lacunae in the implementation of the Act and how the present structure can be made more effective in fast track dispute resolution.

Authors :
Sapna Chadah : LL.M, Ph.D Assistant Professor (Administrative & Constitutional Laws), Indian Institute of Public Administration, I. P. Estate, Ring Road, New Delhi.
Amit Kumar Singh : Assistant Professor (Urban Management), Indian Institute of Public Administration, I. P. Estate, Ring Road, New Delhi.
 

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Locating U20 Agenda in Urban Governance in India

By: Sachin Chowdhry

Page No : 133-148

Abstract
Climate change has emerged as a very serious threat and is affecting people all over the globe in one way or the other. Concerted efforts need to be made at all levels—global, national and local, for mitigation and adaptation. City level efforts need support from the other stakeholders, in most of the cases. They are constrained by lack of different types of resources. To articulate such concerns, different types of groups have emerged with linkages to several networks. U20 is one such group, which recommends action-areas concerning cities to the G20, group of twenty countries with major contribution to the global economy.
India is a member of G20 and has been participating in its meetings over the years and is also affected adversely by climate change effects. This paper is an attempt to understand that how the cities in India are placed to engage in the climate action efforts, especially concerns raised by U20 over the years. The analysis covers the opportunities as well as constraints of city level institutions. The paper also looks at as to what priority has been given to the cities by the national government in facing climate challenges.

Author :
Sachin Chowdhry : Associate Professor, (Public Administration), Centre for Urban Studies, Indian Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi.
 

Price: 500

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Jul- to Sep-2023

Reviewing the First Settlements

By: Sakshi Sahni , Rawal Singh Aulakh

Page No : 1-16

Abstract
The first humans appeared about 300,000 years ago and were called homo sapiens. As these appeared on the earth, requirement of food and shelter grew and thus the requirement of first settlement. This research paper tries to explore the various concepts given by a number of authors in different areas across the globe that contributed to the development of first settlements. The authors have tried to cover through some notable settlements in Middle East like Catal Huyuk in Southern Turkey, Nabta Playa in Egypt and Jericho in West Bank region of Middle East. The research type is exploratory with focus on literature from well-known authors like Smith (2009), and anthropologists like Mellaart (1967), Kenyon (1956), Wendorf and Schild (1998, 2001). The settlements have been studied in terms of various parameters like population, housing, religion, occupation, art and pottery, etc. In the discussion, some similarities or common features and differences among the settlements have been noted by the researchers.

Authors :
Sakshi Sahni : Assistant Professor, Guru Ram Das School of Planning, Guru Nank Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Rawal Singh Aulakh : Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Guru Nank Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.03.1

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Spatial Analysis of Basic Infrastructure and Smart Facilities in Dharamshala City of Himachal Pradesh

By: Naina Sambher , D.D. Sharma

Page No : 17-32

Abstract
Basic amenities and smart facilities are relevant for economic growth and development of cities in a sustainable manner. These facilities play a dominant role in the urban and rural societies because of complexity of human and environment corresponding with population density, lack of resources and rich socio-economic strata. To study average spatial concentration of basic urban amenities, Average Ward-Wise Composite Score (A.W.C.S) and Municipal Composite Score (M.C.S) have been calculated in Dharamshala Smart City focusing on a quantitative approach. To analyse the spatial distribution of smart facilities, and enhance sustainable development of the city, a GPS survey was conducted. Kotwali Bazar is Central Business District of the city while Mcleodganj is a well-developed tourist destination comprising both basic infrastructure and smart facilities. The most appreciated smart works are construction of root zone treatment plants, eco-tourism parks, and smart ducts to name a few. Rooftop solar power plants have been developed as an alternative means for electricity and very high concentration of the facilities has also been found in the wards.

Authors :
Naina Sambher : Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India.
D.D. Sharma : Professor of Geography, Himachal Pradesh University and Former Vice Chancellor, Sardar Patel University, Mandi.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.03.2

Price: 500

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Spatial Aspects of a Secondary City: Change Detection and Index-based Built-up Assessment for Jorhat

By: Namita Sharma , Syeda Rijwana Yasmin

Page No : 33-53

Abstract
Land use planning has emerged as a cornerstone of modernism and the application of geospatial technologies has laid the groundwork for the rejuvenation of the decisionmaking process. The present research aims to evaluate the changes in the spatial patterns of landscape mosaics, with a primary focus on the built-up environs in Jorhat, an upcoming secondary city of Assam. The study also highlights one of the most conspicuous challenges of secondary cities, i.e., the proliferation of slums. LANDSAT 7 (2002) and 9 (2022) satellite data were used for Land Use Land Cover (LULC) and change detection which was obtained from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) earth explorer. The Index-based Builtup Index (IBI) has been used for urban extraction. The accuracy assessment results of LULC classes were discovered to be extremely good for both years (i.e. Kappa coefficient >80%). Over the past two decades, paddy cultivation has registered a decline from 701.12 sq. km. in 2002 to 438 sq. km. in 2022. On the other hand, the built-up area has registered an increase from 77.84 sq. km. in 2002 to 168.29 sq. km. in 2022. Moreover, this study has shown that the IBI has a strong negative correlation with water and vegetation. The slum pockets were identified and growth was traced. Such findings on the built-up area holds tremendous implications for the future of urban planning exercises.

Authors :
Namita Sharma : Research Scholar (Ph.D), Department of Geography, Gauhati University, Assam, India.
Syeda Rijwana Yasmin : Department of Geography, Gauhati University, Assam, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.03.3

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Adapting Remote Sensing Technique to Study the Changes in the Spatial Cover and the Urban Temperatures – A Case Study of Indore City, Madhya Pradesh

By: Prajakta Rahate , Rama U Pandey , Kakoli Saha

Page No : 54-64

Abstract
The urban areas are over-expanding to their permissible spatial limits to accommodate the increasing population. This has also brought about an increase in the allied sectors of grey infrastructure along with the massive modifications in the current land uses. The rapid conversion of the green and agricultural land into built-up areas is an observation due to these changes. The consequent effects of such changes and haphazard growth have led to changes in the climatic conditions, such as an increase in the urban temperature levels, unforeseen weather switches, and unpredictable seasonal changes, etc. The paper attempts to study the changing trends in the land use-land cover (LULC) sectors and its relative inter-relationship with the surface temperatures, for the Indore city of Madhya Pradesh (M.P.), India. The remote sensing technology is used to generate the land cover and the thermal maps and a comparative decadal analysis is done for the years 1996 and 2019. An approximate 3 to 5°C increase in the surface temperature is observed from the analysis and the increase in the human-generated anthropogenic activities prevalent in those specific areas could be concluded as one of the major reasons of the expansion in the city’s heat island effect.

Authors :
Prajakta Rahate : Ph.D., Research Scholar, Department of Environmental Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal, (M.P.)
Rama U Pandey : Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal, (M.P.)
Kakoli Saha : Assistat Professor, Department of Environmental Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal, (M.P.)
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.03.4

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Mobility App Usage and Transportation Preferences: A Latent Class Cluster Analysis of Smartphone Users of Bhopal, India

By: Kushagra Sinha , Sanjay Gupta

Page No : 65-82

Abstract
With the rapid rise of information and communication technology (ICT), various smartphone-based transportation platforms in the form of apps have emerged, with the potential to totally revolutionise mobility through more advanced multimodal platforms like, for example, Mobility as a Service. However, in order to incorporate these new mobility services in a systematic manner, it is essential to investigate the characteristics of current smartphone users as well as their transportation preferences. Against this background, this research paper utilised latent class cluster analysis to empirically investigate the characteristics of current smartphone users in the city of Bhopal and their transport usage patterns by categorising them into three latent clusters based on a comprehensive set of variables like socio-economic characteristics, smartphone app usage, transportation usage, and attitudes and preferences. Cluster 1 consists of users with low app usage and higher usage of public transport and intermediate public transport; Cluster 2 consists of multimodal users with high app usage; and Cluster 3 consists of users with moderate app usage and heavy reliance on private vehicles.

Authors :
Kushagra Sinha : Ph.D., Scholar, Departmet of Transport Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India.
Sanjay Gupta : Professor, Departmet of Transport Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.03.5

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Parking Spaces viz–a-viz Healthcare Facilities in Jalandhar City

By: Ar. Mridula Sharma , Ravi Inder Singh , Sakshi Sahni

Page No : 83-103

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to study and analyse the problems caused by excessive number of healthcare facilities in Jalandhar City. Jalandhar City is the city with maximum number of healthcare facilities in Asia. A sample is selected from the large set of hospitals in the city with the help of stratified random sampling technique. The field surveys are undertaken around the sample set of hospitals to understand the ground situation. Optimum number of parking spaces are not provided for the visitors by the hospital authorities and it has also been observed that a significant number of healthcare facilities do not have adequate parking spaces as per the parking norms mentioned in respective guidelines and bylaws. Encroachments by vehicles of visitors are visible on roads and also on the private properties of residents around the healthcare facilities.

Authors :
Ar. Mridula Sharma : Ph.D., Research Scholar, G.R.D. School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
Ravi Inder Singh : Assistant Professor, G.R.D. School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
Sakshi Sahni : Assistant Professor, G.R.D. School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.03.6

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Performance Evaluation of the Management of Community Dogs in Himachal Pradesh: A Case Study

By: Deepak Sharma , Begi Ram

Page No : 104-116

Abstract
Street dogs live in proximity with humans, and therefore, have frequent interactions with them. The rising population of these community dogs and their interaction with humans has increased the various risks to the society and themselves as well. There are about 62 million community dogs in India wandering on the roads. Apart from their existence and dignified right to life, their interaction with humans has resulted in danger of getting several tropical diseases like rabies. In India, there are about 20,000 rabies cases of total 59,000 world cases which account about 36 per cent of the total world cases of rabies due to which Asia is also known as rabies capital. Against this backdrop, the management of community dogs has become pertinent in the present time. Therefore, to protect humans from any form of tropical diseases caused by these community dogs, it is pivotal to ensure compliance of policy framework and animal birth control rules formulated by the Government of India. The present study evaluates policy and its implementation by the local government in Himachal Pradesh, India.

Authors :
Deepak Sharma : Assistant Professor, Department of Public Administration, ICDEOL- Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India.
Begi Ram : Junior Research Fellow, Department of Public Administration, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.03.7

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Book Review
A to Z of Sustainable Development A.K. Jain, Bookwell
(www.bookwellindia.com) Delhi ISBN: 978-81-952900-1-7, Rs. 1995/, p. 326

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Page No : 117-119

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Oct- to Dec-2023

Market-led Housing Redevelopment Practices in Indian Metropolitan Cities: Insights from Pune

By: Shruti Vaishampayan , Sanjukkta Bhaduri

Page No : 1-19

Abstract
Market-led redevelopment of private housing, particularly Cooperative Housing Societies and Bungalows (single family detached houses), is emerging as a popular form of redevelopment in inner-city neighbourhoods of Indian metropolitan cities. Enabling policies of the State governments and local authorities encourage redevelopment of housing stock of more than 30 years of age for optimum utilization of serviced urban land and existing infrastructure in inner cities. High land values in inner cities combined with policy incentives such as increased floor space index (FSI) create business opportunities for private real estate developers resulting in extensive redevelopment of private housing societies carried out in joint partnership with housing cooperatives – bringing substantial changes in residential neighbourhoods. Through an in-depth literature review, field observations, and detailed interviews with 18 experts (architectural/ legal/ financial consultants specializing in redevelopment, re-developers, and members of redeveloped housing cooperatives), this paper presents a critical examination of housing redevelopment policies and practices in Pune, India highlighting potential gentrification implications of this emerging form of redevelopment.

Authors :
Shruti Vaishampayan : Ph.D Scholar, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi; Assistant Professor, NICMAR University Pune, Maharashtra
Sanjukkta Bhaduri : Professor of Urban Planning, School of Planning and Architecture (SPA), New Delhi, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.04.1

Price: 251

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Shifting Paradigms in The Wake of Real Estate Regulation: A Case of Ahmedabad

By: Bageshree Yeolekar Kadam

Page No : 20-37

Abstract
The Government of India passed the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act (RERA), 2016 which is a milestone legislation enacted to preserve buyers’ interests by ensuring openness, citizen-centricity, accountability, and financial discipline for seamless real estate transactions. It is a known fact that the act has momentously enhanced the real estate market situation. Yet, stricter enforcement is required. This study embarks upon an empirical approach to explore the effects of the RERA on stakeholders in the real estate market of Ahmedabad city in India.

Author :
Bageshree Yeolekar Kadam : Assistant Professor, National Institute of Construction Management (NICMAR), Pune, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.04.2

Price: 251

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Urban Mobility Initiatives Towards Passengers’ Transportation in India

By: Ajitha S

Page No : 38-50

Abstract
The urban population of India is expected to surge from 450 million to 800 million people over the next two decades. This transformation will pose unprecedented challenges for India’s burgeoning cities and towns, particularly in the realm of transportation. The escalating global demand for energy is primarily propelled by transportation, currently the largest energy consumer in developed nations and the fastest-growing sector in most developing countries. As major sources of Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, cities in Asia and the Pacific seek low-carbon development. India has aligned its policies with the 2030 targets to curb GHG emissions by ensuring sustainability in all areas of development, particularly in the transportation sector. This paper examines some of the green mobility initiatives undertaken by the Government of India for accelerating the shift towards adopting cleaner fuels, enhancing fuel efficiency and promoting a shift to public and ecofriendly modes of transportation with the aim of delivering improved urban sustainability and create less congested cities with lower levels of air pollution and more efficient travel options.

Author :
Ajitha S : Assistant Professor of Public Administration, Department of Political Science, University of Kerala, Kerala, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.04.3

Price: 251

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Water-Use Efficiency in Higher Education Institutions (HEI): A Conceptual Framework

By: Shomit Dilip Bade , Nikhil Ranjan Mandal

Page No : 51-75

Abstract
Sustainable Development Goal number six has the target to achieve water use efficiency across all sectors by 2030 along with other of its targets. The Higher Education Institution (HEI) campuses are usually a smaller version of urban settlements akin to townships containing a variety of building uses, a large number of people using the campus, and diverse and complex activities. Owing to which they require large quantities of water for their daily operations which exerts huge pressure on water resources. In the recent past, the development and application of water sustainability frameworks have been very helpful as they provided an array of information such as assessment, description, communication, depicting trends and predicting the future. The objective of this research is to develop a framework for assessing the efficiency of water consumption of HEI campuses. This paper discusses the stages of framework preparation. It initially identifies the criteria for the selection of an initial set of components, indicators, and sub-indicators to develop the conceptual framework and refines the conceptual framework to the final framework using an expert opinion survey method. The purpose is to provide a better perception of water use efficiency in HEI campuses and it is believed that successful efforts to conserve water at an HEI level can become a model for the urban areas.

Authors :
Shomit Dilip Bade : Department of Environmental Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Nikhil Ranjan Mandal : Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.04.4

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Performance Assessment System of Sanitation Services in Urban Areas of Amritsar District

By: Ritu Raj Kaur , Gursharan Kaur , Rawal Singh Aulakh , Sakshi Sahini , Ravi Inder Singh , Prabhnoor Singh

Page No : 76-96

Abstract
The urban areas are considered as growth engines and attract lot of economic development resulting in expansion of urbanisable areas of cities and towns. The rapid urbanisation of these settlements has burdened the service delivery of different sectors such as water, wastewater, solid waste, housing, public transport, etc. The increased pressure on urban areas has resulted in a lack of infrastructure services below the standards wherever they are present. To keep a check on the same, service level benchmarks are established by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs erstwhile Ministry of Urban Development. The present research paper discusses sanitation benchmarking through performance assessment system for sanitation services in the towns and the cities of the Amritsar district. A comparative assessment has been made to view the situation in the larger city and small towns. It has been analysed that the larger city has a better financial position than small towns. Thereby the larger cities have comparatively better sanitation facilities.

Authors :
Ritu Raj Kaur, Gursharan Kaur, Sakshi Sahini and Ravi Inder Singh : Assistant Professor, Guru Ramdas School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Rawal Singh Aulakh : Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
Prabhnoor Singh : Student, Guru Ramdas School of Planning, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.04.5

Price: 251

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Performance Assessment of Urban Sanitation Services in India: An Alternate Perspective

By: N.R. Mandal , Gaurav Vaidya

Page No : 97-120

Abstract
In the new millennia, improving sanitation services has become one of the main agenda of the governments, both in India and the global South. Within India, many initiatives and policies were introduced, e.g., a sub-component within the JnNURM (Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission), National Urban Sanitation Policy and Swachch Bharat Mission (Clean India Mission) at Central government level to ensure improved urban sanitation service delivery. Performance Assessment Frameworks (PAFs) were introduced in India with Service-level Benchmarking, Swachch Survekshan (Cleanliness Surveys), etc. for monitoring the performance of sanitation services. This research aims to study different PAFs, adopted within India and other countries, in order to re-identify indicators, whether already included or not in Indian PAFs on the basis of their applicability in Indian context. It has been observed that the existing PAFs in Indian context have been developed with the perspective of ‘Efficiency of Services’ only, whereas this research article is an attempt to revise the existing PAFs with the perspective of ‘Societal Outcomes’ to prepare a more holistic and result- oriented PAFs.

Authors :
Dr N.R. Mandal : Professor and Head, Department of Environmental Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Gaurav Vaidya : Asst. Professor, Department of Urban & Regional Planning, School of Planning & Architecture, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.04.6

Price: 251

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The Factors Influencing the Delivery of Digital Public Services - A Systematic Literature Review

By: Santulan Chaubey , Kritika Mathur , Dinesh Taneja

Page No : 121-136

Abstract
The digitalisation of public services in urban settings has made a paradigm shift in how citizens avail government services. The key factors impelling the citizens’ intent to use public service, the government’s commitment in providing public service, and the challenges faced in rendering efficient public services have all been covered in the study. The literature, a collection of qualitative and quantitative research methods, provides a deeper insight into the influencing elements responsible for adopting government services by the public. The influencing factors have been aggregated in this study into different categories. The study suggests that digital delivery of public service may fulfill the aspirations of the urban population provided that the service is helpful, easy to use, timebound, transparent, accurate, and incur minimum transaction cost. The influencing factors for the government in providing efficient service include public pressure, international pressure, and disrupting technology. To provide efficient services, the government faces the challenges such as digital, social, and economic divide, availability, and accessibility of technology. It is observed that there are opportunities for the research in the field of Digital Delivery of Public Service by capturing the government’s perspective, its design and technological innovations, and citizens’ zest for improving service delivery.

Authors :
Santulan Chaubey : Research Scholar, Dr B.R. Ambedkar University Delhi, School of Business, Public Policy and Social Entrepreneurship (SBPPSE), Delhi, India.
Kritika Mathur : Assistant Professor, Dr B.R. Ambedkar University Delhi. School of Business, Public Policy and Social Entrepreneurship (SBPPSE)
Dinesh Taneja : Director (IT), Dr B.R. Ambedkar University, Delhi, India.
 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/NL.2023.55.04.7

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Delhi- Old and New, A.K. Jain, Bookwell, Delhi, (www.bookwellindia.com)
ISBN: 978-81-952900-2-4, Price Rs. 1500/-, p. 230

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Page No : 137-135

Price: 251

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