Cytotoxic Potentiality of Leaflet with Rachis Extract of Simarouba glauca DC. against MDA-MB-231- A Triple-negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Cell Lines

By : M.B. Manoj, M.H. Niranjan

Page No: 382-391

Abstract
Simarouba glauca DC. is a major plant in the Simaroubaceae family, with substantial biological activity and several therapeutic advantages in traditional medicine. This study aimed to assess the anticancer activity of different parts of S. glauca against Triple-negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Cell lines (MDAMB-231). The cytotoxicity of methanolic extract of leaflet with rachis, bark and seeds of S. glauca was examined preliminarily using the MTT assays wherein it was observed that the leaflet with rachis extract offered maximum cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 1.55 mg mL-1. The plant extract-treated cells also displayed morphological changes, including cell shrinkage. Further, explored the impact of plant extract on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction, wherein it was discovered that the plant extract caused cell cycle arrest at G0 /G1 phase and affected early and late apoptosis significantly. The dual Acridine Orange (AO) and Ethidium Bromide (EB) fluorescence staining test demonstrated that the plant extract-treated MDA-MB-231 cells affected the cell shape, as seen by yellow to orange fluorescence. The comet assay revealed that cells appeared like comets upon treatment and showed a decrease in fluorescence intensity from head to tail, indicating damage to DNA. Based on our observations, it is evident that the leaflet with rachis possesses cytotoxic potential, thereby warranting the identification of the primary constituents for their application.

Authors :
M.B. Manoj and M.H. Niranjan : Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Davangere University, Davanagere, Karnataka, India.
 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2024.40.03.4