Assessment of Dug Well Water Quality a Case Study of Raipur City, Chhattisgarh (India)

By : Sanjib Pramanik , K.N. Prasad , N.K. Baghmar

Page No: 116-128

Abstract
Dug-wells, an important means of obtaining groundwater, contribute about 80 per cent of irrigation water and 90 per cent of drinking water supply in India. The source of groundwater is rainfall; rain water percolates through aquifers (i.e. porous rocks) and gets accumulated over the hard rocks below the earth surface largely during the monsoon. So, the quality of dug-wells water is undoubtedly pure. But high use of chemicals in households, in agriculture fields, at industrial sites, increasing dumping areas, volume of garbage and weathering of rocks, and massive deforestation all have contributed enormously towards decline of ground water quality. Keeping this in mind, physic-chemical parameters of dug-wells water for pre- and postmonsoon periods of Raipur City, Chhattisgarh (India) has been chosen for investigation. A total of 20 water samples have been collected separately for pre- and post- monsoon periods. EI make Delux Water and Soil Analysis Kit Model 191 and Systronics Flame Photometer have been used to determine TDS, Conductivity, Salinity, pH, Turbidity, Sodium and Potassium.
The study reveals that TDS, Conductivity, Salinity, pH, Turbidity, Na and K (physico-chemical parameters) in dug-well water during pre- monsoon period is slightly higher than that of the post-monsoon period. TDS shows high positive correlation with conductivity and also with salinity. Conductivity of dug-wells water has exceeded the permissible limit, and is, therefore, not suitable for drinking. Coefficient of variation of Turbidity is extremely high in both the periods. Thus, one concludes that dug-wells water quality of the Raipur City has got deteriorated, and is very harmful for drinking.

Authors :
Sanjib Pramanik :  SoS in Geography, Pt. R.S. University, Raipur.
K.N. Prasad : Govt. Digvijay (Auto.) College, Rajnandgaon.
N.K. Baghmar : Govt. Digvijay (Auto.) College, Rajnandgaon.
 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32381/ATNAGI.2019.39.01.8